I'm going out for a meal in 5 mins, so can't continue right now.

as i told you, English was invented in Elizabeth's court. that's not so long ago, by the common references. the etymology available is sufficient for these purposes. the reality that you live in is defined by English, just by the fact that you speak it. it was, naturally and specifically designed for commerce.stardust wrote:No dictionary is old enough to have a real etymology.
Conclusions are not false because perception is limited, as far as they are correctly placed in a "system" in which the rules are set according to the limits within we consider them "valid". Any form of mental activity operates inside systems of values, logical, ethical, mathematical or whatever. These systems are closed and are made in a way that, with a trick, the conclusions are basically valid if they conserve the postulates. So there is no possible truth outside of a system, any attempt to produce conclusion or answers need a postulate of some sort, which is the foundation of a system.garyb wrote: your(any you) perception of reality is incomplete to say the least, at the best, and at the worst is flawed. conclusions based on that perception will naturally be false, though they may be useful for specific purposes. it is dishonest to say otherwise, like it or not.
i don't believe in "nobility".alfonso wrote:Conclusions are not false because perception is limited, as far as they are correctly placed in a "system" in which the rules are set according to the limits within we consider them "valid". Any form of mental activity operates inside systems of values, logical, ethical, mathematical or whatever. These systems are closed and are made in a way that, with a trick, the conclusions are basically valid if they conserve the postulates. So there is no possible truth outside of a system, any attempt to produce conclusion or answers need a postulate of some sort, which is the foundation of a system.garyb wrote: your(any you) perception of reality is incomplete to say the least, at the best, and at the worst is flawed. conclusions based on that perception will naturally be false, though they may be useful for specific purposes. it is dishonest to say otherwise, like it or not.
Al truths are "false" because they can only be thought, believed, expressed within a system. This is the reason why "truth" is a slippery concept and it's much more correct to talk about "validity" which is a "truth within a certain system".
Perceptions are not false. We have two eyes and some insects have thousands. But as much different as they are, the worlds seen by us and them are both true. The world is not in 3d, our vision is in 3d.
Even if an object exists independently from any observer, there is no image of it outside of those formed in a brain (brains) after the elaboration of the reflected light data, following the specific structure of that particular cognitive system. So you can't say that you have a "false image" because a "true image" doesn't exist anywhere. Images are mental events, conditioned by the structure of the visual perception. all of them.
We only must take in account the fact that our mental activity works within systems and we can only manage relative truths, more or less valid propositions.
As I said before, but to be more precise, a valid truth must be false, a truth which is not false is a cheap trick...a false one is a noble trick, a honest one.
The difference I made of cheap and noble tricks was meaning that a noble trick is such because its relativity or, falsity, is not hidden, it is explicit and it serves its purpose to get useful knowledge. Therefore it's not a lie.garyb wrote: i don't believe in "nobility".
a lie, even if told by noblemen is still a complete lie.
as i said, conclusions can be useful even if false.
there is a higher level of reality that is not dependant on human perception. that's were truth exists. the rest is bullsh*t, that includes "theories"(educated guesses) that we like. for example, to over simplify, when you fall off a high cliff and break your legs, your perception of the injury has nothing to do with how broken they are...